īlack's queen bishop is also fianchettoed, but the knight pawn has moved forward two squares, making this a long fianchetto. The regular fianchetto of both bishops by a player is called a double fianchetto. This is by far the most common type of fianchetto, seen in the Sicilian Dragon, Pirc Defence, Modern Defence, Modern Benoni, Grünfeld Defence, Nimzo-Indian, and King's Indian Defence, among other openings. White's king bishop is in a regular fianchetto, with the knight pawn advanced one square and the bishop occupying the long diagonal. The diagram shows three different sorts of fianchetti (not from an actual game, but as examples collapsed into a single diagram). Exchanging the fianchettoed bishop should not be done lightly, therefore, especially if the enemy bishop on same-coloured squares is still on the board. A fianchettoed position, however, also presents some opportunities for the opponent: if the fianchettoed bishop can be exchanged, the squares the bishop was formerly protecting will become weak (see hole) and can form the basis of an attack (particularly if the fianchetto was performed on the kingside). One of the major benefits of the fianchetto is that it often allows the fianchettoed bishop to become more active. The fianchetto is less common in Open Games (1.e4 e5), but the king bishop is sometimes fianchettoed by Black in the Ruy Lopez or by White in an uncommon variation of the Vienna Game. It also regularly occurs in Indian defences. The fianchetto is a staple of many " hypermodern" openings, whose philosophy is to delay direct occupation of the centre with the plan of undermining and destroying the opponent's occupied centre. In chess, the fianchetto ( English: / ˌ f i ə n ˈ k ɛ t oʊ/ or / ˌ f i ə n ˈ tʃ ɛ t oʊ/ Italian: "little flank") is a pattern of development wherein a bishop is developed to the second rank of the adjacent b- or g- file, the knight pawn having been moved one or two squares forward. This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.
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